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Coupled non-Hermitian skin effect with exceptional points.

Guo-Huai Wang1, Ran Tao1, Zhen-Nan Tian2

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We introduce coupled non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE) in two systems. Exceptional points (EPs) can accelerate NHSE breakdown, offering a new way to control non-Hermitian dynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Condensed matter physics

Background:

  • Non-Hermitian systems possess unique features: exceptional points (EPs) and non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE).
  • EPs involve degenerate eigenvalues, while NHSE causes eigenfunction localization.
  • The interplay between EPs and NHSE is of significant research interest.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and investigate the concept of coupled NHSE, where two systems with independent NHSE are interconnected.
  • To explore how exceptional points influence the behavior of coupled non-Hermitian skin effect.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical proposal of coupled non-Hermitian systems with engineered losses and special symmetry.
  • Analysis of eigenvalue spectra and eigenfunction localization under coupled NHSE conditions.
  • Experimental realization in photonic lattices with artificial gauge fields.

Main Results:

  • Introduction of non-Hermitian losses with special symmetry leads to multiple EP pairs.
  • EPs significantly compress the eigenvalue spectrum and accelerate the breakdown of coupled NHSE.
  • Absence of EPs alleviates the attenuation of coupled NHSE, demonstrating EP's role in tuning NHSE.

Conclusions:

  • Exceptional points act as a degree of freedom to tune non-Hermitian skin effect and govern non-Hermitian dynamics.
  • The study bridges the concepts of EPs and NHSE, paving the way for simultaneous applications.
  • Experimental validation in photonic systems confirms the theoretical findings.