Assessment of novel inflammatory biomarkers in patients with peripheral vertigo

Numerous studies have evaluated the relationship between peripheral vertigo (PV) and inflammation. In these studies, various biomarkers have been used as indicators of inflammation. Contradictory results have been reported regarding the presence of inflammation based on these previously assessed biomarkers in PV. The systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), which indicate these inflammatory processes, as well as the pan-immune-inflammatory index (PIV), have not been clearly defined in PV. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the inflammatory biomarkers SIRI, SII, and PIV and PV. This retrospective case-control study analyzed patients who were diagnosed with acute PV at a tertiary education and research emergency department. The study recorded demographic data of patients and values of white blood cells, platelets, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, and immature granulocytes obtained during emergency admission from these blood samples, SIRI, SII, and PIV values were calculated and compared between the control group. A total of 1232 patients meeting the inclusion criteria were included in this study. Moreover, the study included 968 control subjects who shared similar age and demographic characteristics. SIRI, SII, and PIV values of the patients were significantly higher in vertigo patients than in the control group (1.50 vs 0.77, P <.001), (622.41 vs 393.47, P <.001), and (393.59 vs 184.21, P <.001), respectively. receiver operating characteristic curves were used to compare the diagnostic effectiveness of SIRI, SII, and PIV parameters to the control group. The optimal value for SIRI was found to have an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.760, sensitivity of 82.3, and specificity of 60.3 (P <.001). PV can be caused by many diseases with various pathophysiological changes. There may be various mechanisms besides inflammation and atherosclerosis of microvascular structures. The study investigated the relationship between PV and novel systemic inflammatory biomarkers in vertigo patients, yielding clinically significant results. The findings revealed that SIRI, SII, and PIV were elevated in patients with PV and may serve as complementary diagnostic markers.