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A defensive model and implementation baseline for the metaverse and extended reality systems
Sara Qamar1, Hasan Tahir1, Zahid Anwar2
1Department of Information Security, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan.
Peerj. Computer Science
|September 24, 2025
Summary
Extended reality (XR) and metaverse systems face security risks due to prioritizing business over safety. This study proposes a baseline model and recommendations to enhance XR security and mitigate threats in virtual environments.
Area of Science:
- Cybersecurity and Extended Reality (XR)
- Virtual Environment Security
- Metaverse Security Protocols
Background:
- Extended reality (XR) and metaverse platforms are increasingly vulnerable to security threats.
- Developers often prioritize business gains over robust security measures.
- Challenges include virtual entities, immersive experiences, and lack of centralized governance for XR systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify mitigation strategies and defensive capabilities for XR and metaverse security.
- To introduce a novel baseline model for secure XR system implementation.
- To assess the security posture of prominent XR systems and relevant regulatory frameworks.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive review of mitigation strategies: authenticity, privacy, integrity, interoperability, virtual forensics, and incident reporting.
- Development and introduction of a novel baseline model for secure XR systems.
- Statistical analysis of development resources for XR security features and assessment of prominent XR systems' security posture.
Main Results:
- Identification of key security attributes and functions for XR systems.
- Assessment of development resource effectiveness in implementing XR security features.
- Evaluation of the security posture of major XR systems and applicable regulatory frameworks.
Conclusions:
- A baseline model and specific security recommendations are proposed to counter the evolving threat landscape in XR and the metaverse.
- Enhanced security measures are crucial for the safe and sustainable development of immersive virtual environments.
- Addressing security vulnerabilities is paramount for stakeholder trust and widespread adoption of XR technologies.
