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Influence of Delayed Material Placement on In Vivo Intrapulpal Temperature Rise in Class V Resin Composite

C Maucoski, Jag Guarneri, P Runnacles

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    Delaying the etch-and-rinse bonding procedure, even when starting at physiologic pulpal temperature (PT), reduced PT. This approach prevented harmful temperature increases in the dental pulp during Class V restorations.

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    Area of Science:

    • Dental Materials Science
    • Biomaterials Engineering
    • Restorative Dentistry

    Background:

    • Intrapulpal temperature (PT) changes during dental restorative procedures can impact pulp vitality.
    • The etch-and-rinse bonding technique involves steps that may generate heat, potentially affecting pulp tissue.
    • Understanding temperature fluctuations is crucial for ensuring the long-term success of dental restorations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the impact of delayed etch-and-rinse bonding on in vivo intrapulpal temperature during Class V restorations.
    • To assess real-time temperature changes in human premolars under simulated clinical conditions.
    • To determine if delaying the bonding procedure mitigates potential thermal stress on the dental pulp.

    Main Methods:

    • Class V preparations were made on human premolars, with a 15-minute delay before material placement to reestablish physiologic PT (approx. 35°C).
    • Etch-and-rinse bonding agents (Single Bond Universal or Tetric Nano Bond) were applied and light-cured.
    • Teeth were restored with conventional (Filtek Z250/Z350) or bulk-fill (Tetric N Ceram Bulk-fill) resin composites and light-cured.

    Main Results:

    • Etch-and-rinse procedures and solvent evaporation led to a decrease in PT, even when initiated at physiologic levels.
    • Only the 40-second exposure of Filtek Z350 showed a significant increase in peak PT compared to baseline (38.2°C ± 2.4°C).
    • There were no significant differences in ΔT values between Z250 and Tetric N-Ceram Bulk-fill.

    Conclusions:

    • Initiating etch-and-rinse bonding procedures at physiologic PT effectively reduced intrapulpal temperature.
    • The observed temperature decreases suggest that this delay strategy prevents harmful thermal excursions to the dental pulp.
    • The findings support the safety of delayed bonding protocols in minimizing thermal risk during Class V restorations.