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Related Concept Videos

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Glaucoma: Overview01:25

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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Leveraging Sight Outcomes Research Collaborative (SOURCE) Data to Predict Initial Presentation With Advanced

Rithambara Ramachandran1, Aaron T Zhao2, Yinxi Yu3

  • 1From the Department of Ophthalmology (R.R., A.T.Z.), Scheie Eye Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA; Perelman School of Medicine (R.R.), Leonard Davis Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.

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|September 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Older age, male sex, Black race, and living in less affluent or non-metropolitan areas are linked to advanced primary open-angle glaucoma (OAG) presentation. Targeted screening is crucial, as late diagnosis increases vision loss risk.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Public Health
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Primary open-angle glaucoma (OAG) is a leading cause of irreversible blindness.
  • Late presentation significantly increases the risk of vision loss in OAG patients.
  • Understanding factors associated with delayed diagnosis is critical for public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify sociodemographic and neighborhood factors associated with advanced primary open-angle glaucoma (OAG) at initial presentation.
  • To analyze predictors of advanced OAG across different stages of the disease.
  • To explore the relationship between disease severity, intraocular pressure (IOP), and cup-to-disc ratio (CDR) with patient characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving over 59,000 adults diagnosed with OAG across eleven health systems.
  • Logistic and ordinal regression models were used to identify factors associated with advanced OAG presentation.
  • Sociodemographic data, insurance type, income, education, urbanicity, and neighborhood affluence (Distressed Communities Index) were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • 12.7% of individuals presented with advanced OAG.
  • Advanced OAG was associated with older age, male sex, Black race, less affluent communities, and non-metropolitan residence.
  • Protective factors included Medicare insurance, higher education, and a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.

Conclusions:

  • Sociodemographic factors significantly predict the likelihood of presenting with advanced OAG.
  • Identifying these predictors can guide targeted glaucoma screening programs.
  • Early detection and intervention are essential to mitigate vision loss from OAG.