Novel design and fabrication of a mechanically tunable multiband watch antenna for wireless applications

Novel design of a tunable watch antenna for both wideband wireless applications is presented in this paper. Arrows in the watch radiating patch are designed to control the bandwidth; also, a ground structure is designed beneath the radiating patch to allow multi-band operation. If the arrows of the watch mention a certain time, this allows a certain multiband, while if the time changes, it allows another different multiband; the antenna performs as a wideband antenna (WBA). Furthermore, we can obtain different frequency bands by assuming a mechanism to change the time of the watch. The antenna was examined at 1, 2, 3, and 4 o'clock in simulation, while the 1:45 design was fabricated. The S₁₁ in the four simulated cases was examined to check the obtained frequency bands. The 1:45 fabricated antenna has a unique design and footprint of (diameter 30 x height 0.635) mm. The S₁₁ for the simulated and measured antenna was examined. The obtained gain and efficiency were 70 dB and - 20 dB, respectively. The axial ratio was also examined and was less than 3 dB. When the position of either the minutes or hours arrow changes, the antenna acts as a WBA with different operating frequency bands. The mechanism of the proposed antenna designates it as a wideband antenna for GSM, CDMA, UMTS, LTE, Wi-MAX, 5G (Ultra-Fast & Low Latency) communications applications.