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Utilizing Percutaneous Ventricular Assist Devices in Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock
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Utilizing Percutaneous Ventricular Assist Devices in Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock

Published on: June 12, 2021

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Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients Admitted in Cardiac Intensive Care Unit with Cardiogenic Shock: A

Konstantinos C Siaravas1, Aidonis Rammos2, Aris Bechlioulis2

  • 1First Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.

Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 26, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Cardiogenic shock (CS) has high mortality, especially in advanced SCAI stages. Improved clinical pathways and registries are crucial for better patient outcomes in this critical condition.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a severe condition characterized by inadequate tissue perfusion due to diminished cardiac output.
  • Despite advancements, CS continues to have a high mortality rate.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical characteristics, management approaches, and patient outcomes of cardiogenic shock.
  • To analyze short-term and long-term mortality in CS patients.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective, single-center observational study of 70 patients (SCAI stages B-E) in a Cardiac Intensive Care Unit.
  • Data collected included demographics, clinical status, hemodynamics, echocardiography, and biochemistry.
  • Primary outcomes were in-hospital, 1-month, and 1-year mortality; secondary outcomes included mechanical circulatory support (MCS), mechanical ventilation (MV), and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) use.

Main Results:

  • Acute myocardial infarction-related CS (AMI-CS) and heart failure-related CS (HF-CS) comprised 64% of cases.
  • Overall in-hospital mortality was 49%.
  • Higher SCAI stage (C vs. B) independently predicted increased mortality. Elevated lactate, creatinine, and reduced cardiac output were key mortality predictors. IABP use was more common in AMI-CS.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiogenic shock is associated with a poor prognosis, particularly in patients with higher SCAI stages.
  • There is an urgent need for standardized clinical pathways and national registries to guide evidence-based care for CS.
Abstract

Keywords:
acute myocardial infarctioncardiogenic shockheart failureintra-aortic balloon pumpmechanical circulatory supportmortality

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