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Nurses' Knowledge of Rare Diseases: A Systematic Review.
Inmaculada Muñóz Sánchez1, Jose Manuel Martínez-Linares2, Raquel Rodríguez-Blanque2
1Gran Capitán Health Center, Granada Health District, 18013 Granada, Spain.
Nursing Reports (Pavia, Italy)
|September 26, 2025
Summary
Nurses require more education on rare diseases, as current training gaps hinder early detection and quality care. Enhancing nursing competencies through continuous education and technology is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Nursing Education
- Rare Diseases
- Healthcare Competencies
Background:
- Rare diseases affect millions globally, posing diagnostic and management challenges.
- Nurses are vital in providing direct care, emotional support, and education to rare disease patients.
- Existing knowledge gaps in nursing care for rare diseases necessitate updated understanding.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and update knowledge on nurses' understanding of rare diseases.
- To identify deficits in nursing education regarding rare disease identification and management.
- To inform strategies for improving nursing care quality and early detection in rare diseases.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review following the PRISMA model.
- Bibliographic search across Scopus, PubMed, CINAHL, SciELO, and Cochrane Library (2014-2024).
- Inclusion of 24 studies assessing nursing knowledge on rare diseases.
Main Results:
- A significant gap exists in current nursing education concerning rare diseases.
- Identified deficiencies in nurses' knowledge impact patient care and access to timely diagnosis.
- The review synthesized findings from 24 relevant studies.
Conclusions:
- Continuous education and integration of health technologies are key to enhancing nursing skills in rare diseases.
- Telemedicine and advanced health technologies can improve competency and care delivery.
- Prioritizing increased nursing training in rare diseases across all educational levels is essential.
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