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Instruments for Assessing Nursing Care Quality: A Scoping Review.
Patrícia Correia1,2, Rafael A Bernardes2, Sílvia Caldeira2
1Unidade Local de Saúde de Santa Maria (ULSSM), Hospital de Santa Maria, 1649-035 Lisbon, Portugal.
This scoping review maps instruments assessing nursing care quality. It highlights the importance of relational aspects and organizational factors, identifying gaps in longitudinal use and patient-reported outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Healthcare Research
- Nursing Science
- Psychometrics
Background:
- Quality of nursing care (QNC) is crucial globally, with a trend towards patient-centered assessment.
- Recent shifts favor holistic frameworks integrating clinical and interpersonal care dimensions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To scope the range, nature, and characteristics of self-report instruments for assessing QNC.
- To evaluate psychometric properties and contextual applications of these instruments across diverse clinical settings.
Main Methods:
- Systematic search of major databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science) and gray literature.
- Inclusion of studies on QNC tool development, validation, adaptation, or application in hospital/community settings.
- Adherence to Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology and PRISMA-ScR guidelines.
Main Results:
- Fifty-nine studies (1995-2025) identified instruments, often based on Donabedian's model, emphasizing relational care (empathy, communication, respect).
- Scales like GNCS, QONCS, and Karen Scales showed strong internal consistency (Cronbach's α: 0.79-0.95).
Conclusions:
- Organizational factors (leadership, staffing) and predictors (burnout, work intensity) impact perceived nursing care quality.
- Gaps exist in longitudinal application and integration of patient-reported outcome measures for QNC assessment.
