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Finite Element Analysis of Trabecular-Surfaced Implants and Implant Angulation in Different Mandibular Arch Forms
Ahmet İlter Atay1, Bahattin Alper Gültekin2, Serdar Yalçın2
1Oral Implantology Program, Institute of Graduate Studies in Health Sciences, Istanbul University, 34098 Istanbul, Turkey.
Journal of Functional Biomaterials
|September 26, 2025
Summary
Trabecular-surfaced implants significantly reduce stress in bone and implant components compared to standard surfaces. U-shaped arches and specific implant placements offer better load distribution for full-arch restorations.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Engineering
- Dental Implantology
- Biomechanics
Background:
- Finite element analysis is crucial for evaluating implant biomechanics.
- Limited data exist on the biomechanical impact of trabecular surfaces and arch forms in full-arch restorations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the biomechanical effects of a trabecular implant surface versus a standard surface.
- To analyze the influence of mandibular arch form and implant placement on stress distribution in four-implant-supported restorations.
Main Methods:
- Finite element analysis of a titanium-acrylic hybrid prosthesis on four implants.
- Simulated a 250-N oblique load on two arch forms (hyperbolic, U-shaped) and four placement configurations.
- Evaluated stress distribution in bone, implants, and prosthetic frameworks.
Main Results:
- Trabecular-surfaced implants showed lower stress concentrations in bone and implant structures.
- Von Mises stress at the posterior implant neck decreased by ~49% with trabecular surfaces.
- U-shaped arches and specific implant configurations (2 and 4) demonstrated more favorable load distribution.
Conclusions:
- Trabecular implant surfaces offer a biomechanical advantage, reducing stress and potentially enhancing long-term stability.
- Mandibular arch form and implant placement significantly influence load distribution in full-arch restorations.
- Findings inform the selection of implant designs and configurations for improved clinical outcomes.
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