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A dynamic simulation approach to optimize thrust regulation in electric pump-fed rocket engines.

Tianwen Li1, Haodong He2, Nanjia Yu3,4

  • 1School of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.

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|September 26, 2025
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Optimizing electric pump-fed rocket engine thrust requires synchronized component actuation. Coordinated timing minimizes regulation time and ensures stable performance across a wide thrust range.

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Dynamic simulationLOX-LCH4 enginePropulsion modelingThrust regulationTiming optimization

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Area of Science:

  • Aerospace Engineering
  • Propulsion Systems
  • Computational Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Electric pump-fed rocket engines offer advantages in thrust vectoring and throttling.
  • Accurate thrust regulation is critical for mission success and engine longevity.
  • Optimizing transient dynamics in these complex systems remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a dynamic simulation framework for optimizing thrust regulation in electric pump-fed rocket engines.
  • To investigate the impact of actuation timing on thrust control efficiency.
  • To analyze the transient interactions between electric pumps, injectors, and combustion.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive system model integrating pump dynamics, combustion, and two-phase flow was developed.
  • A time-stepped numerical method was employed for dynamic simulation.
  • The framework simulates thrust regulation across a 20-100% operational range.

Main Results:

  • Synchronized pump actuation significantly minimizes thrust regulation time.
  • The oxidizer pump's response time predominantly influences chamber pressure and mixture ratio.
  • An optimized timing sequence effectively mitigates fluctuations during deep-thrust transitions.
  • Model validation against experimental data showed errors below 1.2%.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic simulation provides a scalable tool for refining thrust regulation in electric pump-fed engines.
  • Understanding component actuation timing is crucial for enhancing propulsion system design.
  • The developed framework advances computational modeling for rocket engine optimization.