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Pulmonary Emphysema: Current Understanding of Disease Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Approaches
Abderrazzak Bentaher1, Olivier Glehen2, Ghania Degobert3
1Inflammation and Immunity of the Respiratory Epithelium, INSERM, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, UR3738, South Medical University Hospital, 165 Chemin du Petit Revoyet, 69395 Oullins-Pierre-Benite, France.
Biomedicines
|September 27, 2025
Summary
Pulmonary emphysema, a key part of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, involves lung tissue destruction. This review covers emphysema causes, mechanisms, models, and treatments, including personalized medicine approaches.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Pathology
- Inflammatory Diseases
Background:
- Pulmonary emphysema is a major component of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
- It is characterized by loss of lung elasticity and impaired gas exchange due to alveolar wall destruction.
- Cigarette smoking is the primary cause, with environmental pollution and infections as contributing factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive review of pulmonary emphysema.
- To cover risk factors, pathogenesis mechanisms, and experimental models.
- To discuss current and exploratory therapeutic approaches.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of emphysema research.
- Analysis of disease pathogenesis and risk factors.
- Evaluation of experimental models and therapeutic strategies.
Main Results:
- Emphysema pathogenesis involves lung inflammation and tissue destruction.
- Various risk factors contribute to disease development and progression.
- Experimental models aid in understanding disease mechanisms.
- Current therapeutics manage symptoms, while new approaches focus on personalized medicine.
Conclusions:
- Understanding emphysema requires examining its multifaceted etiology and pathogenesis.
- Effective management and treatment necessitate a comprehensive approach.
- Future therapies may leverage personalized medicine for improved patient outcomes.
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