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Quantum Computing for Transport Network Optimization.

Jiangwei Ju1, Zhihang Liu1,2, Yuelin Bai1

  • 1Beijing QBoson Quantum Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100015, China.

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|September 27, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quantum computing, specifically the coherent Ising machine (CIM), offers significant speedups for complex bus network optimization problems. This quantum approach outperforms classical computers in finding optimal routes, despite current hardware limitations.

Keywords:
QUBO modelbus route optimizationcoherent Ising machinequantum computing

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Computing
  • Operations Research
  • Urban Planning

Background:

  • Public transport is vital for urban development, with bus network design being a complex challenge.
  • Optimizing bus routes, especially considering transfers, results in high-dimensional, non-linear problems.
  • Classical computers face limitations in solving these complex optimization tasks efficiently.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model and solve the bus route optimization problem using both classical and quantum computing methods.
  • To evaluate the performance of the coherent Ising machine (CIM) for this specific optimization task.
  • To demonstrate the potential of quantum computing in enhancing public transport network design.

Main Methods:

  • Developed classical and Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) models for the bus route optimization problem.
  • Solved the QUBO model using a 100-qubit coherent Ising machine (CIM).
  • Compared the computational speed and solution quality against classical computer solutions.

Main Results:

  • The coherent Ising machine (CIM) demonstrated significant acceleration capabilities compared to classical computers.
  • CIM successfully found optimal or near-optimal solutions for the bus route optimization problem.
  • The study highlights CIM's potential for tackling complex combinatorial optimization problems in urban transit.

Conclusions:

  • Quantum computing, exemplified by the CIM, offers a powerful new paradigm for solving complex urban planning challenges.
  • The findings suggest that CIM can provide substantial speed advantages for optimizing public transport networks.
  • Further development of quantum hardware is expected to enhance these capabilities even further.