Silver Nanocluster-Based Label-Free Aptasensor for the Turn-On Fluorescent Detection of Ochratoxin A

Despite the substantial human health risks posed by ochratoxin A (OTA), a potent mycotoxin, simple, low-cost methods for its sensitive and selective detection in foods are lacking. To address this gap, we herein developed a label-free OTA aptasensor based on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-scaffolded silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) with an intense red fluorescence. As the DNA template fragment used for AgNC fabrication was derived from the complementary sequence of the OTA aptamer (Apt-OTA), Apt-OTA complexed the AgNCs in the absence of OTA, quenching their fluorescence. OTA inhibited this quenching by strongly binding Apt-OTA and thus precluding its binding to the AgNCs. The OTA aptasensor exhibited a high selectivity and low detection limit (0.38 ng/mL), eliminating the need for expensive reagents, complicated pre-treatments, and advanced equipment, and was successfully used to quantify mycotoxins in food under real-life conditions, thus holding promise for mycotoxin control.