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The ChatGPT Effect: Investigating Shifting Discourse Patterns, Sentiment, and Benefit-Challenge Framing in AI Mental
Sanguk Lee1,2, Minjin Mj Rheu3, Jie Zhuang1
1Department of Communication Studies, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76109, USA.
Behavioral Sciences (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 27, 2025
Summary
Public views on AI for mental health support show a shift towards large language models (LLMs). While users value AI
Area of Science:
- Mental Health Technology
- Artificial Intelligence Ethics
- Human-Computer Interaction
Background:
- Artificial intelligence (AI) offers potential for scalable mental health support.
- Implementation of AI in mental healthcare faces safety uncertainties and challenges.
- Public perception and adoption of AI for mental health are evolving.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine public perceptions of AI-driven mental health support.
- To analyze shifts in user preferences towards different AI technologies.
- To identify concerns and benefits associated with AI in mental healthcare.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 517 Reddit posts related to AI and mental health.
- Comparative analysis of discussions before and after the release of ChatGPT.
- Examination of user experiences and community-specific discussion patterns.
Main Results:
- A surge in AI mental health discussions post-ChatGPT, favoring large language models (LLMs).
- Users appreciate AI for emotional support, companionship, and accessibility.
- Concerns include adverse effects, lack of conversational depth, and emotional connection.
- AI-experienced users and AI communities focused on benefits; mental health communities highlighted limitations.
Conclusions:
- Tailored communication is crucial for managing expectations regarding AI in mental healthcare.
- AI systems need to address limitations like conversational depth and emotional connection.
- Ethical AI development should focus on complementing traditional care and mitigating risks.
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