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Related Concept Videos

Mortar01:29

Mortar

576
Mortar, a mixture of Portland cement, hydrated lime, sand, and water, is a crucial binding material in construction. Its primary function is to join masonry units together, filling gaps and ensuring a uniform distribution of weight across the structure. This helps in preventing potential weaknesses. Mortar also serves as a protective barrier against environmental elements such as water and wind, thereby safeguarding the interior of the structure. It also compensates for surface irregularities...
576
Mortar Properties01:17

Mortar Properties

432
Mortar properties encompass a range of characteristics crucial for construction and masonry work, including workability, water retention, bond strength, durability, compressive strength, volume change, and appearance. Workability refers to mortar's ability to be easily applied and manipulated without sagging or falling off surfaces, which is important for efficient masonry unit placement and alignment. Water retention is essential to prevent the mortar from losing moisture too quickly to...
432
Preplaced Aggregate Concrete01:29

Preplaced Aggregate Concrete

372
Preplaced aggregate concrete is ideal for construction environments that are not easily accessible. The process begins by properly wetting the gap-graded coarse aggregates to remove the dirt, then placing it in the form and compacting it. Voids are filled with a mortar mix pumped under pressure through slotted pipes. This mortar typically consists of Portland cement, pozzolan, fine aggregates, water, and a fluidizing aid. The pozzolan helps reduce bleeding and segregation while improving the...
372
Types of Cement II01:22

Types of Cement II

389
Portland blast-furnace cement is made by blending Portland cement clinker with granulated blast-furnace slag, which accounts for 25 to 65 percent of the cement's weight. Despite its similarities to ordinary Portland (Type I) cement in terms of fineness and setting times, its early strength is lower, though it achieves comparable strength later on. It's particularly suited for mass concrete structures and marine environments due to its lower heat of hydration and superior sulfate...
389
Shotcrete01:18

Shotcrete

426
Shotcrete is a specialized technique where mortar or small aggregate concrete rich in cement content is sprayed onto a surface at high velocity. The force of impact compacts the material and enables it to cling to vertical or overhead areas without sagging. The technique involves layering the shotcrete in stages until it reaches approximately 4 inches in thickness. Operator skill in nozzle management is pivotal in deciding the quality of the shotcrete. Shotcrete is used in constructing tunnel...
426
Accelerators01:17

Accelerators

269
Accelerators in concrete serve as admixtures to speed up the hardening process, enabling the concrete to achieve early strength faster. Although accelerators do not necessarily impact the time it takes concrete to set, they reduce this time in practice. A common accelerator is calcium chloride, which is particularly useful for hastening early strength development in cold weather or for rapid repair jobs that require quick heat generation after mixing.
The effectiveness of calcium chloride can...
269

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High-Performance Mortar with Epoxy-Coated Lightweight Aggregates for Marine Structures.

Jin-Su Kim1, Ho-Yeon Lee1, Jang-Ho Jay Kim1

  • 1School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.

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|September 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed a high-performance mortar using coated artificial lightweight fine aggregates (ALWFAs) to address natural aggregate depletion. Epoxy-TiO2 coatings significantly improved mortar performance in marine environments.

Keywords:
artificial lightweight fine aggregatebottom ashchloride penetration resistancehigh-performance mortarmechanical properties

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Civil Engineering
  • Sustainable Construction

Background:

  • Increasing global construction demands deplete natural aggregates for concrete.
  • Marine structure construction requires durable, sustainable materials due to environmental challenges.
  • Artificial lightweight fine aggregates (ALWFAs) from industrial waste offer a potential solution but have performance limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a high-performance mortar (HPM) using ALWFAs as a sustainable alternative to natural aggregates.
  • To enhance ALWFAs' properties for use in protective layers for marine structures.
  • To investigate the impact of epoxy-TiO2 coatings on ALWFAs and their effect on HPM performance.

Main Methods:

  • Developed ALWFAs coated with epoxy-Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) on internal and external surfaces.
  • Prepared high-performance mortar (HPM) specimens using varying ratios of coated and uncoated ALWFAs.
  • Evaluated HPM properties: porosity, compressive strength, split tensile strength, and chloride diffusion coefficient.

Main Results:

  • Increased ALWFA replacement ratio generally reduced mortar performance.
  • Epoxy-TiO2 coated ALWFAs significantly improved HPM properties compared to uncoated ones.
  • Improvements observed: up to 4.13% reduction in porosity, 49.3% increase in compressive strength, 28.6% increase in split tensile strength, and 52.0% improvement in chloride diffusion coefficient.

Conclusions:

  • Epoxy-TiO2 coating is an effective method to enhance the physical properties of ALWFAs.
  • Coated ALWFAs can be successfully incorporated into high-performance mortars for sustainable construction.
  • This approach offers a promising solution for durable marine structures, mitigating natural aggregate depletion.