Feeding Models in Classical Phenylketonuria: Do They Make a Difference in Infant Sleep?

Area of Science:

• Metabolic disorders
• Pediatric nutrition
• Genetics

Background:

• Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inherited metabolic disorder requiring strict phenylalanine (Phe) restriction to prevent neurocognitive impairment.
• Infant feeding models are crucial for managing PKU during early life.
• Comparing feeding strategies is essential for optimizing PKU management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare two distinct feeding models in infants with classical PKU.
• To evaluate metabolic control, growth, micronutrient status, and complementary feeding.
• To assess the impact of feeding models on infant sleep quality.

Main Methods:

• Prospective observational study of 26 infants with classical PKU over 12 months.
• Two groups: Group-1 (alternating breast milk/Phe-free formula), Group-2 (Phe-free formula then breastfeeding).
• Measurements included blood Phe, micronutrients, anthropometrics, and sleep quality (BISQ-R).

Main Results:

• No significant differences between groups in blood Phe levels, anthropometric measurements, or key micronutrient levels (iron, ferritin, B12, D, zinc).
• Similar tolerance and experiences during complementary food introduction.
• No significant differences in infant sleep quality scores between the feeding groups.

Conclusions:

• Both evaluated feeding models are equally effective for infants with PKU.
• Effective management includes metabolic control, normal growth, and good sleep quality.
• Feeding model choice can be based on caregiver preference and clinical setting practicality.