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Updated: Jan 16, 2026

Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children

Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children

Published on: December 31, 2017

Oral Microbiome Analysis and Caries Risk Classification Using the Caries Management by Risk Assessment System in

Isamu Kado¹, Ryo Kunimatsu¹, Yuma Koizumi²

¹Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan.

Journal of Clinical Medicine

|September 27, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The Caries Management by Risk Assessment (CAMBRA) system effectively classified pre-orthodontic patients by oral health risk. High-risk groups showed poorer oral hygiene and distinct oral microbiome profiles, including increased Actinomyces.

Keywords:

CAMBRA bacteria oral microbiome orthodontics

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Published on: October 20, 2011

Area of Science:

Dental Research
Oral Microbiology
Orthodontics

Background:

Pre-orthodontic patients require risk assessment for oral health management.
The Caries Management by Risk Assessment (CAMBRA) system offers a framework for this evaluation.
Understanding oral characteristics and microbiome in this population is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To classify pre-orthodontic patients using the CAMBRA system.
To analyze oral characteristics and microbiome profiles across different CAMBRA risk groups.
To validate CAMBRA's effectiveness in assessing oral health in this cohort.

Main Methods:

Inclusion of 68 pre-orthodontic patients at Hiroshima University Hospital.
Clinical assessments (plaque control, DMF index, WSLs) and CAMBRA risk stratification (Low, Moderate, High, Extreme).
Saliva and plaque sample analysis including salivary parameters (secretion volume, pH, buffering capacity) and 16S rRNA metagenomic sequencing.

Main Results:

Most patients fell into the High CAMBRA risk group.
Extreme risk group exhibited the highest DMF index and WSLs, linked to poorer oral hygiene.
Significant differences in salivary parameters and oral microbiome composition (e.g., Fusobacterium in Low, Actinomyces in Extreme groups) were observed across risk levels.

Conclusions:

CAMBRA risk classification accurately reflects the oral condition of pre-orthodontic patients.
The system highlights variations in oral hygiene, salivary parameters, and microbiome composition based on risk.
Findings support CAMBRA's utility in tailoring preventive and therapeutic strategies for orthodontic patients.