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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

The Establishment of a Murine Maxillary Orthodontic Model
04:11

The Establishment of a Murine Maxillary Orthodontic Model

Published on: October 27, 2023

Laser-Based Photobiomodulation for Orthodontic Pain: Mechanistic Evidence from Experimental Tooth-Movement Models.

Ryo Kunimatsu1, Kanoko Okazaki1, Ayaka Nakatani1

  • 1Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|June 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) may reduce orthodontic pain by affecting neuroinflammation. This review explores PBMT

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Science
  • Pain Research
  • Dental Research

Background:

  • Orthodontic pain arises from tooth movement, involving inflammation and nerve processes in the periodontal ligament (PDL).
  • Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) is a non-drug approach for pain relief, but its exact pain-reducing mechanisms are not fully understood.
  • Current understanding often focuses on PBMT's peripheral anti-inflammatory effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-examine the biological basis of orthodontic pain, integrating evidence from experimental studies.
  • To emphasize neurogenic inflammation, neuropeptide regulation, and neuron-glia interactions in the trigeminal pathway.
  • To propose a broader framework for PBMT's pain modulation beyond peripheral effects.

Main Methods:

  • Review of in vitro and in vivo experimental studies on orthodontic pain.
Keywords:
near-infrared laserneuroinflammationneuron–glia interactionorthodontic painphotobiomodulation therapytrigeminal nociception

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Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

The Establishment of a Murine Maxillary Orthodontic Model
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  • Integration of evidence on neuroimmune mechanisms along the trigeminal nociceptive pathway.
  • Analysis of studies investigating PBMT's effects on inflammatory and neuropeptide markers.

    • Main Results:

    • PBMT shows potential in reducing markers of periodontal inflammation and neuropeptides, along with pain behaviors in some models.
    • Evidence for PBMT directly modulating central neuron-glia interactions is limited and parameter-dependent.
    • Direct functional validation of trigeminal circuit modulation by PBMT in orthodontic pain models is scarce.

    Conclusions:

    • Proposed neuroimmune mechanisms of PBMT in orthodontic pain require further hypothesis-driven research.
    • A broader framework for PBMT's pain modulation, including central effects, is proposed.
    • This perspective may help resolve inconsistencies in PBMT outcomes and guide future research.