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Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
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Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

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A Comprehensive Profile of Heart Failure Patients Across Ejection Fraction Subtypes: Insights from a Single-Center

Austėja Kaunaitė1,2, Austė Markevičiūtė1, Vitas Barauskas1

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania.

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
|September 27, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Heart failure (HF) subtypes show distinct clinical and structural profiles. Understanding these differences in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF), and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is key for tailored treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Heart failure (HF) is a prevalent and complex syndrome with significant morbidity.
  • Classifying HF into preserved (HFpEF), mildly reduced (HFmrEF), and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) aids patient stratification and treatment.
  • Distinct clinical and echocardiographic profiles exist across HF subtypes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare clinical, laboratory, echocardiographic, and electrocardiographic characteristics across HF ejection fraction groups.
  • To analyze patient demographics, comorbidities, and cardiac structural/functional parameters.
  • To identify phenotype-specific features within a single-center cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 1144 hospitalized HF patients (2022-2023).
  • Patients categorized into HFpEF, HFmrEF, and HFrEF based on left ventricular ejection fraction.
  • Comparison of demographic, clinical, laboratory, echocardiographic, and electrocardiographic data.

Main Results:

  • HFrEF patients were younger and predominantly male; HFpEF/HFmrEF groups had older females.
  • Atrial fibrillation and hypertension were more frequent in HFpEF.
  • HFrEF showed greater ventricular/atrial remodeling, lower TAPSE, and higher NT-proBNP levels.
  • No significant difference in in-hospital outcomes observed between HF groups.

Conclusions:

  • HF subtypes exhibit unique clinical and structural characteristics.
  • Phenotype-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies are supported by these findings.
  • Further research into HF subtype-specific management is warranted.

Keywords:
HFmrEFHFpEFHFrEFechocardiographyheart failure

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