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Comparing Tourniquet Use and Non-Use in Robot-Assisted Total Knee Arthroplasties
Keun Young Choi1, Man Soo Kim1, Yong In1
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea.
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
|September 27, 2025
Summary
Robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty (TKA) without a tourniquet increased blood loss but did not affect pain or complications. Tourniquet use may be beneficial for surgical field clarity and cementing in TKA procedures.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Robotics in Medicine
- Arthroplasty
Background:
- Robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is increasingly popular.
- Longer tourniquet times in robot-assisted TKA increase risks of blood loss and soft tissue injury.
- This study evaluates tourniquet use versus non-use in robot-assisted TKA.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare robot-assisted TKA with and without a tourniquet.
- To assess the impact on blood loss, pain, and early complications.
Main Methods:
- 100 patients undergoing robot-assisted TKA were divided into three groups: early tourniquet, no tourniquet, and late tourniquet.
- Primary outcome: estimated blood loss (EBL).
- Secondary outcomes: transfusion rates, pain scores (VAS), complications, surgery length, and tourniquet time.
Main Results:
- No tourniquet group had significantly higher EBL but similar transfusion rates and pain scores compared to tourniquet groups.
- No significant differences in readmission rates or deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prevalence.
- Superficial wound infections occurred only in the early tourniquet group.
- Late tourniquet group had shorter surgery and tourniquet times.
Conclusions:
- Tourniquet non-use in robot-assisted TKA increases EBL without affecting transfusion rates or pain.
- Tourniquet use may offer benefits for surgical field visualization and cement application.
- No clear clinical advantage for immediate pain reduction or complication avoidance was found with tourniquet non-use.
