Improving the Quality of Life of Gynecological Patients with Surgery: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on Questionnaire...

Background and Objectives: Gynecological conditions requiring surgical intervention have a profound impact on women's physical, psychological, and social well-being. Minimally invasive procedures are increasingly preferred due to their benefits in reducing recovery time and improving patient outcomes. This study aimed to assess the changes in quality of life (QoL) among women undergoing surgical treatments for gynecological diseases. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 women hospitalized at the Minimally Invasive Pelvic Surgery Center. The participants completed two surveys: one prior to surgery and the other one month postoperatively. A self-developed questionnaire was used, tailored to the clinical and psychosocial context of the study population. Statistical analyses included the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for paired comparisons and the Chi-square test for categorical variables. A significance level of p < 0.05 was applied. Results: After surgery, 92% of women reported improved daily functioning, and 90% experienced a better overall quality of life. The average level of limitations decreased significantly from 40% to 16% (z = 11.24, p < 0.001). Higher BMI was associated with greater limitations both before and after surgery (r = 0.31 and r = 0.24, respectively; both p < 0.001). Conclusions: Women with uterine fibroids showed less improvement in several QoL domains compared to those with other conditions. Psychological factors, such as anxiety and long-term distress, play an important role in both pre- and postoperative well-being. Optimizing postoperative quality of life requires consideration of both the surgical method and individual psychosocial circumstances.