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Heavy Metal Accumulation in Cattle from Western Pará: Human Health Risk Assessment.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Food Safety
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Mineral exploration in Western Pará, Brazil, leads to toxic element deposition in ecosystems.
  • Cattle farming is prevalent in the region, raising concerns about meat contamination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and arsenic (As) concentrations in cattle muscle.
  • To evaluate potential health risks associated with consuming contaminated beef.
  • To inform public health and food safety strategies in the region.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of metal concentrations in cattle muscle tissue from three municipalities using ICP-MS.
  • Calculation of estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), and total THQ (TTHQ).

Main Results:

  • All evaluated metal concentrations in beef were below established safe intake levels (RfDo).
  • THQ and TTHQ values indicated no significant non-carcinogenic health risk from beef consumption.
  • Elevated mercury levels exceeding EU limits were found in 10% of samples, indicating localized contamination and bioaccumulation potential.

Conclusions:

  • Beef consumption in Western Pará poses a low overall health risk.
  • Localized mercury contamination in cattle requires continued monitoring due to mining and deforestation.
  • Regular assessment of heavy metals in animal tissues is crucial for long-term food safety.