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This study establishes crucial reference intervals for 12 essential trace elements in canine plasma, vital for diagnosing diseases and advancing veterinary research. These findings provide a foundational resource for canine health assessments.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Trace elements are vital for organismal health and implicated in various diseases.
  • Growing interest in veterinary medicine, especially canine health, highlights the need for established trace element reference values.
  • Existing data on trace element reference intervals in dogs is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine reference intervals for 13 trace elements in canine plasma.
  • To provide a foundational dataset for clinical evaluation and future research in canine trace element analysis.
  • To investigate potential variations in trace element concentrations based on breed, reproductive status, sex, age, and size.

Main Methods:

  • Plasma samples from 140 dogs were analyzed.
  • Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was employed for elemental quantification.
  • Reference intervals were calculated for 12 elements, with Cadmium (Cd) noted as below quantification limits in most samples.

Main Results:

  • Reference intervals (µg/L) were established for Arsenic (As), Cobalt (Co), Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Mercury (Hg), Nickel (Ni), Manganese (Mn), Molybdenum (Mo), Lead (Pb), Selenium (Se), and Zinc (Zn).
  • Cadmium (Cd) levels were below the limit of quantification in 77% of samples.
  • While no differences were seen for breed or reproductive status, sex, age, and size showed statistically significant, albeit weak, variations for certain elements (Cu, Mo, Zn, Co, Mn, Se).

Conclusions:

  • Established reference intervals for 12 trace elements in canine plasma serve as a critical resource for veterinary diagnostics.
  • Factors such as sex, age, and size can influence trace element concentrations and should be considered during interpretation.
  • This study provides essential data for advancing the understanding and clinical management of trace element-related conditions in dogs.