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A Drift-Aware Clustering and Recovery Strategy for Surface-Deployed Wireless Sensor Networks in Ocean Environments.

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This study introduces a new wireless sensor network (WSN) architecture for the sea surface, improving data transmission stability and reducing disconnections for drifting sensor nodes. The system ensures reliable, low-latency communication in dynamic maritime environments.

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cluster baseddisconnection recoverydrift-aware routingdynamic topologyocean monitoringwireless sensor networks

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Area of Science:

  • Marine technology
  • Network engineering
  • Oceanography

Background:

  • Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) face connectivity challenges on the sea surface due to node drift from currents and wind.
  • Dynamic maritime environments require robust, long-range, low-latency sensing systems for stable data transmission.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel wireless sensor network architecture, Drift-Aware Routing and Clustering with Recovery (DARCR), for sea surface drifting nodes.
  • To enhance communication stability, reduce latency, and ensure persistent data transmission in dynamic marine conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Developed an enhanced dynamic drift model for accurate prediction of node movement.
  • Implemented a cluster-based framework with refined clustering and route setup for improved stability and adaptability.
  • Integrated a self-recovery routing strategy to re-establish communication links post-disconnection.

Main Results:

  • The proposed DARCR system achieved an average hourly disconnection rate of 6.2% with a variance of 0.31%.
  • Data transmission for newly sensed information was completed within 3 to 5 seconds, with a maximum delay of approximately 10 seconds.
  • Demonstrated the feasibility of maintaining stable, low-latency communication for WSNs in highly dynamic sea states.

Conclusions:

  • The DARCR architecture effectively addresses the challenges of node drift and communication disruption in maritime WSNs.
  • The system provides a reliable and efficient solution for persistent sensing and data transmission on the sea surface.
  • The findings support the deployment of advanced WSNs for enhanced maritime monitoring and data collection.