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Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

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Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

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The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
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AssessmentA comprehensive assessment is essential in managing a patient with rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Begin with obtaining a detailed medical history, including recent streptococcal infections, a history of rheumatic fever, or previously diagnosed rheumatic heart disease. Assess the patient for symptoms such as fever, chest pain, widespread joint pain (arthralgia), tachycardia, pericardial friction rub, muffled heart sounds, heart murmurs, peripheral edema, subcutaneous nodules, and...
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Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
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Preliminary Study on Acupuncture Combined with Grain-sized Moxibustion for Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis with Finger Joint Pain
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Bamboo Nodules With Underlying Rheumatologic Disease.

Josette Graves1, Heather Yeakel2, Robert T Sataloff3

  • 1Drexel University College of Medicine at Tower Health, Wyomissing, PA, USA.

Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal
|September 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bamboo nodules, a rare condition, are associated with rheumatologic diseases in women, often presenting with voice problems (dysphonia). Voice therapy and other treatments can improve vocal quality in affected individuals.

Keywords:
autoimmune diseasebamboo nodesbamboo nodulesdysphoniahoarsenesslaryngoscopyrheumatoid arthritissteroid injectionsubmucosal depositssystematic lupus erythematosusvocal cord lesionsvocal fold nodulesvocal foldsvoice therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Otolaryngology
  • Voice Science

Background:

  • Bamboo nodules are an uncommon clinical finding.
  • A potential association exists between bamboo nodules and rheumatologic conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the characteristics of bamboo nodules in patients with rheumatologic disease.
  • To explore potential treatment strategies for voice dysfunction associated with bamboo nodules.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of three patient cases with established rheumatologic diagnoses and bamboo nodules.
  • Review of patient data including clinical presentation and diagnostic findings.

Main Results:

  • All three cases involved women presenting with dysphonia (impaired voice quality).
  • Associated rheumatologic conditions included rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Sjögren's syndrome, and systemic lupus erythematosus.
  • One patient exhibited elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody.

Conclusions:

  • The case series suggests a link between bamboo nodules and rheumatologic diseases.
  • Voice therapy is proposed as a primary treatment for improving voice quality.
  • Intra-lesional corticosteroid injections and management of aggravating factors like reflux may also benefit patients.
  • Further research is recommended on dietary eliminations (gluten, dairy) and immunosuppressive therapies' impact on voice function.