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Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
Suctioning the Nasopharyngeal Airway01:29

Suctioning the Nasopharyngeal Airway

Nasopharyngeal suctioning is a procedure to remove secretions from the upper part of the respiratory tract that the patient cannot clear independently. It helps maintain airway patency and prevents complications such as aspiration pneumonia.
Equipment Required
Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

Other Pulmonary Disorders

Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
Tonsillitis I: Introduction01:30

Tonsillitis I: Introduction

Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils, which are two lymphoid tissue masses at the back of the throat. This condition can cause discomfort and irritation in the throat.
Etiology
Three primary contributing factors have been identified.
Chronic Pharyngitis01:23

Chronic Pharyngitis

Chronic pharyngitis refers to persistent inflammation of the pharyngial mucosa.
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
07:54

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

Nasopharyngeal Hairy Polyp Causing Pediatric Sleep-Disordered Breathing.

Hunter Hammett1, Amy K Krecker2, Samantha L Payton3

  • 1School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA.

Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal
|June 24, 2026
PubMed
Summary

A rare congenital nasopharyngeal hairy polyp caused obstructive sleep symptoms in a child. Surgical removal resolved the obstruction, emphasizing the need to consider rare lesions in pediatric sleep apnea diagnosis.

Keywords:
congenital masshairy polypnasal obstructionnasopharynxpediatrics

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Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Congenital nasopharyngeal hairy polyps are rare and can cause significant upper airway obstruction in infants.
  • Obstructive sleep symptoms like snoring and apnea in children warrant thorough investigation for underlying causes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of a congenital nasopharyngeal hairy polyp presenting as obstructive sleep apnea.
  • To highlight the diagnostic and management considerations for this rare pediatric condition.

Main Methods:

  • A 15-month-old female with obstructive sleep symptoms underwent Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).
  • A nasopharyngeal mass was identified and surgically excised via transoral approach.
  • Histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of a benign hairy polyp.

Main Results:

  • MRI revealed a 2.5-cm nasopharyngeal mass.
  • Transoral excision was successful without complications.
  • Histopathology confirmed a benign hairy polyp composed of adipose tissue, muscle, cartilage, and keratinized squamous epithelium.

Conclusions:

  • Congenital nasopharyngeal hairy polyps, though rare, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea.
  • Prompt diagnosis and surgical intervention can lead to complete symptom resolution and improved patient outcomes.
  • This case underscores the importance of comprehensive evaluation for pediatric airway obstruction.