A Dual-Response Quantum Dot Biosensor for Viral Protease and Nucleic Acid Detection

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology
• Nanotechnology
• Infectious Disease Diagnostics

Background:

• SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses cause diagnostic challenges due to similar symptoms and coinfections.
• Existing methods like RT-qPCR are slow, cannot distinguish viable viruses, and are unsuitable for in vivo imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a quantum dot-based Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor for simultaneous detection of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses.
• To create a diagnostic tool with improved speed, specificity, and imaging capabilities.

Main Methods:

• Developed a dual-response biosensor using quantum dots and FRET.
• Engineered the biosensor to detect SARS-CoV-2 via main protease cleavage and influenza virus via RNA recognition.
• Utilized distinct fluorescence signals for simultaneous detection.

Main Results:

• The quantum dot-based FRET biosensor (QDB) achieved simultaneous detection of both viruses.
• Demonstrated rapid response, high specificity, membrane permeability, and biocompatibility.
• The biosensor is suitable for both in vitro diagnostics and potential in vivo imaging.

Conclusions:

• The developed QDB platform provides a sensitive and rapid method for simultaneous viral detection.
• The adaptable platform holds potential for multiplexed detection of various pathogens.
• This technology could significantly advance clinical diagnostics and therapeutic guidance for respiratory infections.