Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Optimal Foraging00:48

Optimal Foraging

13.6K
How animals obtain and eat their food is called foraging behavior. Foraging can include searching for plants and hunting for prey and depends on the species and environment.
13.6K
Social Exchange Theory01:26

Social Exchange Theory

406
As formulated by John Thibaut and Harold Kelley, Social Exchange Theory explains human relationships as economic-like exchanges that maximize rewards and minimize costs. This theory suggests that individuals engage in relationships to gain benefits and reduce burdens, similar to economic transactions. It has been widely applied to various types of relationships, including romantic, professional, and social interactions.Rewards and Costs in RelationshipsRelationship rewards include emotional...
406
Social Exchange Theory02:06

Social Exchange Theory

39.4K
We have discussed why we form relationships, what attracts us to others, and different types of love. But what determines whether we are satisfied with and stay in a relationship? One theory that provides an explanation is social exchange theory. According to social exchange theory, we act as naïve economists in keeping a tally of the ratio of costs and benefits of forming and maintaining a relationship with others (Rusbult & Van Lange, 2003).
39.4K
Equity Theory01:26

Equity Theory

260
Equity theory explains how our sense of fairness influences the dynamics of close relationships. Rooted in social psychology, the theory posits that individuals evaluate fairness by comparing the ratio of their contributions to the rewards they receive. Relationship satisfaction is highest when these ratios are perceived as balanced between partners, promoting mutual reciprocity and a sense of justice.Equity vs. Equality in RelationshipsEquity is distinct from equality. Fairness does not...
260
Social Relationships and Well-Being01:30

Social Relationships and Well-Being

253
The significance of social relationships in psychological well-being is a well-established area of inquiry within social psychology. Research consistently demonstrates that the presence of meaningful, supportive relationships enhances emotional health, while the absence or deterioration of such connections can contribute to psychological distress. Relationships serve as a foundation for emotional support, identity, and social belonging, all of which are critical to an individual’s overall...
253
Egoism and Altruism01:55

Egoism and Altruism

93.1K
Voluntary behavior with the intent to help other people is called prosocial behavior. Why do people help other people? Is personal benefit such as feeling good about oneself the only reason people help one another?
93.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A high-resolution, US-scale digital similar of interacting livestock, wild birds, and human ecosystems for multihost epidemic spread.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Peer influence on West Point cadets' Civil War allegiances.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Tunable and computationally efficient framework for retrofitting: Budget allocation using income and spatial equity.

PNAS nexus·2026
Same author

Institutional dynamics produce resource curse traps.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Assessing the Impact of Timing and Coverage of United States COVID-19 Vaccination Campaigns: A Multi-Model Approach.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

Integrated framework to study genomic surveillance of selective sweeps in multivariants dynamics.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

A transformer-based language model reveals developmental constraint and network complexity during zebrafish embryogenesis.

PNAS nexus·2026
Same journal

Dual phosphoregulatory mechanisms of condensin I revealed by biochemical reconstitution.

PNAS nexus·2026
Same journal

Vanin-1 deficiency enhances host tolerance to influenza infection by modulating cellular redox status.

PNAS nexus·2026
Same journal

Free will in the eyes of Muslims and Christians.

PNAS nexus·2026
Same journal

Paradoxical coexistence of superconductivity and magnetism, and explaining unexpected preferred domain orientations.

PNAS nexus·2026
Same journal

Large language models instantiate evolutionarily robust strategies of cooperation.

PNAS nexus·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 16, 2026

Spatial Multiobjective Optimization of Agricultural Conservation Practices using a SWAT Model and an Evolutionary Algorithm
11:53

Spatial Multiobjective Optimization of Agricultural Conservation Practices using a SWAT Model and an Evolutionary Algorithm

Published on: December 9, 2012

13.4K

Welfare optimization for resource allocation with peer effects.

Zirou Qiu1,2, Daniel J Rosenkrantz2,3, Matthew O Jackson4,5

  • 1Department of Computer Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA.

PNAS Nexus
|September 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Optimizing resource allocation with peer effects is computationally difficult. However, efficient solutions exist when individuals are grouped, achieving near-optimal social welfare.

Keywords:
approximation algorithmsoptimizationpeer effectsresource allocationsocial welfare

More Related Videos

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies
08:24

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: August 25, 2023

1.1K
The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior
06:48

The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior

Published on: January 19, 2019

9.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 16, 2026

Spatial Multiobjective Optimization of Agricultural Conservation Practices using a SWAT Model and an Evolutionary Algorithm
11:53

Spatial Multiobjective Optimization of Agricultural Conservation Practices using a SWAT Model and an Evolutionary Algorithm

Published on: December 9, 2012

13.4K
The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies
08:24

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: August 25, 2023

1.1K
The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior
06:48

The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior

Published on: January 19, 2019

9.8K

Area of Science:

  • Computational Social Science
  • Algorithmic Game Theory
  • Operations Research

Background:

  • Resource allocation problems are common in various domains, including education, urban planning, and social platforms.
  • Peer effects, where individuals' preferences are influenced by their neighbors, complicate traditional allocation models.
  • Optimizing social welfare in these scenarios is challenging due to complex interdependencies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a mathematical framework for position allocation problems with peer effects.
  • To analyze the computational complexity of welfare maximization under peer effects.
  • To propose efficient allocation strategies for scenarios with a fixed number of demographic groups.

Main Methods:

  • Formulated a unified mathematical framework for the position allocation problem with peer effects.
  • Investigated the computational intractability of welfare maximization for general peer effects.
  • Developed efficient algorithms for specific cases with demographic groups and network constraints.

Main Results:

  • Welfare maximization with peer effects is computationally intractable even with simplified preferences.
  • Efficiently computable allocations are possible when individuals are classified into a fixed number of groups.
  • The proposed methods achieve optimal or near-optimal social welfare for natural preference structures.

Conclusions:

  • Position allocation with peer effects presents significant computational challenges.
  • Grouping individuals based on demographics offers a practical approach to achieving efficient and near-optimal resource allocation.
  • The developed framework provides a foundation for designing allocation strategies in complex social systems.