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Karyotyping

Karyotyping

Separation of Sister Chromatids

Separation of Sister Chromatids

At the transition from prophase to metaphase, there is a reduction in cohesion along the chromosomal arms, resulting in the resolution of sister chromatids. However, residual cohesin connections remain to hold the sister chromatids together until the transition from metaphase to anaphase. The residual connection prevents any premature separation of sister chromatids, blocking the risks of aneuploidy within the daughter cells.
At the onset of anaphase, separase, a proteolytic enzyme, is...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 7, 2026

Chromosomics: Detection of Numerical and Structural Alterations in All 24 Human Chromosomes Simultaneously Using a Novel OctoChrome FISH Assay

Chromosomics: Detection of Numerical and Structural Alterations in All 24 Human Chromosomes Simultaneously Using a Novel OctoChrome FISH Assay

Published on: February 6, 2012

MetaChrome: An Open-Source, User-Friendly Tool for Automated Metaphase Chromosome Analysis.

Md Abdul Kader Sagar¹, Yamini Dalal², Gianluca Pegoraro¹

¹High-Throughput Imaging Facility (HiTIF), Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology

|September 29, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

MetaChrome is a new open-source software for automated chromosome analysis. It precisely segments chromosomes and analyzes DNA Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) signals, improving high-throughput genetic studies.

Keywords:

Chromosome segmentation Image analysis Machine learning Metaphase chromosomes

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Last Updated: Apr 7, 2026

Chromosomics: Detection of Numerical and Structural Alterations in All 24 Human Chromosomes Simultaneously Using a Novel OctoChrome FISH Assay

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Published on: February 6, 2012

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Expedited Radiation Biodosimetry by Automated Dicentric Chromosome Identification ADCI and Dose Estimation

Published on: September 4, 2017

Area of Science:

Genetics and Molecular Biology
Bioinformatics and Computational Biology
Cell Biology

Background:

DNA Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) is crucial for chromosome analysis, but automated segmentation and signal colocalization in high-throughput imaging remain challenging.
Existing commercial tools offer partial solutions, highlighting the need for open-source software with robust chromosome segmentation and colocalization capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an open-source software platform, MetaChrome, for automated metaphase chromosome analysis.
To address the limitations in automated chromosome segmentation and DNA-FISH signal colocalization for high-throughput imaging.

Main Methods:

Developed MetaChrome, an open-source software with a graphical user interface for automated metaphase chromosome analysis.
Utilized fine-tuned deep learning models, specifically a Cellpose segmentation model trained on annotated metaphase chromosome datasets, for enhanced segmentation accuracy.
Integrated automated colocalization analysis of chromosome-specific DNA-FISH probes and immunofluorescent-labeled proteins.

Main Results:

MetaChrome demonstrates enhanced accuracy in metaphase chromosome segmentation compared to traditional methods.
The software enables precise, automated assignment of DNA-FISH spots to individual chromosomes.
Achieved automated colocalization analysis of FISH probes and proteins on segmented chromosomes.

Conclusions:

MetaChrome effectively automates metaphase chromosome segmentation and DNA-FISH signal colocalization, overcoming a key bottleneck in chromosome biology research.
The platform facilitates rapid identification of chromosomal abnormalities and reduces human error in high-throughput analysis.
MetaChrome provides a necessary open-source solution for advanced chromosome biology and genetics studies.