Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

583
Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
583
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

1.3K
Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
1.3K
Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

602
Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
602
Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications01:23

Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications

903
Local anesthetics (LAs) are commonly used for various applications in medical and dental procedures. Some of the common agents used are cocaine, lidocaine, and bupivacaine.
Cocaine is an ester of benzoic acid and methylecgogine. It is used to anesthetize and vasoconstrict locally. Currently, it is used primarily for topical applications. It is beneficial for surgeries on the upper respiratory tract, providing anesthesia and shrinking the mucosa. Cocaine in the form of cocaine hydrochloride is...
903
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia01:30

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia

1.9K
Depending on the target organ, local anesthetics (LAs) can be administered via various routes. In surface anesthesia, LAs are applied directly to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. It is widely used for topical skin numbing before venipuncture or minor surgical procedures. Commonly used surface local anesthetics are lidocaine or benzocaine sprays or creams. Surface anesthesia occurs within 5 minutes and lasts for about 60 minutes. One of the main disadvantages of topical anesthesia is...
1.9K
Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

Stages of General Anesthesia

1.5K
Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
1.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Comparative Evaluation of Intracanal Smear Layer Removal by Different Root Canal Irrigants: A Scanning Electron Microscope Study.

International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry·2023
Same author

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Dermatology Teaching Program in India: A Survey on the Faculty and Residents' Perspective.

Indian dermatology online journal·2023
Same author

Role of Nebulized Heparin in Clinical Outcome of COVID-19 Patients with Respiratory Symptoms: A Systematic Review.

Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine·2023
Same author

Development of a novel green catalyzed nanostructured Cu(II) macrocyclic complex-based disposable electrochemical sensor for sensitive detection of bisphenol A in environmental samples.

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)·2023
Same author

Innovative lanthanide complexes: Shaping the future of cancer/ tumor chemotherapy.

Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS)·2023
Same author

Structure-based virtual screening approach reveals natural multi-target compounds for the development of antimalarial drugs to combat drug resistance.

Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 16, 2026

Author Spotlight: A Non-Intubated Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery with Multimodal Analgesia and Sevoflurane Inhalation Anesthesia
05:39

Author Spotlight: A Non-Intubated Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery with Multimodal Analgesia and Sevoflurane Inhalation Anesthesia

Published on: May 26, 2023

2.2K

Hypotensive anesthesia in maxillofacial surgeries: Current concepts.

Nidhi Gupta1, Tanmay Tiwari2

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, Doon Medical College, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.

National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery
|September 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hypotensive anesthesia reduces blood loss and improves surgical visibility during major surgeries. Careful patient selection and monitoring are crucial for safe and effective outcomes in this blood pressure management technique.

Keywords:
Controlled hypotensionhypotensive agentshypotensive drugs

More Related Videos

Invasive Hemodynamic Characterization of the Portal-hypertensive Syndrome in Cirrhotic Rats
09:37

Invasive Hemodynamic Characterization of the Portal-hypertensive Syndrome in Cirrhotic Rats

Published on: August 1, 2018

15.5K
An In Vivo Mouse Model of Total Intravenous Anesthesia During Cancer Resection Surgery
06:40

An In Vivo Mouse Model of Total Intravenous Anesthesia During Cancer Resection Surgery

Published on: June 8, 2021

2.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 16, 2026

Author Spotlight: A Non-Intubated Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery with Multimodal Analgesia and Sevoflurane Inhalation Anesthesia
05:39

Author Spotlight: A Non-Intubated Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery with Multimodal Analgesia and Sevoflurane Inhalation Anesthesia

Published on: May 26, 2023

2.2K
Invasive Hemodynamic Characterization of the Portal-hypertensive Syndrome in Cirrhotic Rats
09:37

Invasive Hemodynamic Characterization of the Portal-hypertensive Syndrome in Cirrhotic Rats

Published on: August 1, 2018

15.5K
An In Vivo Mouse Model of Total Intravenous Anesthesia During Cancer Resection Surgery
06:40

An In Vivo Mouse Model of Total Intravenous Anesthesia During Cancer Resection Surgery

Published on: June 8, 2021

2.9K

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Surgical Oncology

Background:

  • Hypotensive anesthesia is frequently employed in major maxillofacial surgeries.
  • It aims to minimize intraoperative bleeding and enhance surgical field visualization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the principles and application of hypotensive anesthesia.
  • To highlight its benefits in reducing blood loss and transfusion needs.

Main Methods:

  • Induction of controlled hypotension via pharmacological or non-pharmacological means.
  • Targeting systolic blood pressure of 80-90 mmHg or Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) reduction by 30% or maintaining MAP at 50-65 mmHg.
  • Close intraoperative monitoring of physiological parameters.

Main Results:

  • Achieves a bloodless surgical field, facilitating anatomical identification.
  • Reduces the requirement for postoperative blood transfusions.
  • Improves surgical outcomes when implemented with careful patient selection.

Conclusions:

  • Hypotensive anesthesia is a valuable technique for high-bleeding-risk surgeries.
  • Patient's condition, surgical scope, and surgeon's input guide its application.
  • Risk of organ hypoperfusion necessitates vigilant monitoring and tailored blood pressure targets.