Pulmonary calcinosis in renal failure

Metastatic pulmonary calcification (MPC), also known as pulmonary calcinosis, is a metabolic lung disease characterized by the deposition of calcium in lung tissue due to hypercalcemia. MPC is often a long-term complication of chronic renal failure. The pathological process is marked by the interstitial deposition of calcium salts, primarily within the alveolar epithelial basement membranes. Although histological changes indicative of MPC are observed in 60%-75% of hemodialysis patients at autopsy, it is infrequently diagnosed before death. While the condition is typically asymptomatic, it can progress to respiratory failure in some cases. Computed tomography (CT) has been shown to be more sensitive than conventional radiography in detecting MPC, with the most common CT finding being multiple calcified pulmonary nodules. We present a case of metastatic pulmonary calcification in a 50-year-old male patient undergoing treatment for chronic renal failure.