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Related Concept Videos

Cells and Secretions of the Pancreas01:16

Cells and Secretions of the Pancreas

4.4K
The pancreas, a vital organ within the abdominal cavity, plays dual roles in the digestive and endocrine systems, collaborating with exocrine and endocrine cells to maintain optimal digestion and blood sugar levels.
Exocrine function is carried out by acinar cells, organized into clusters known as acini. These cells contribute to digestion by releasing substantial quantities of enzyme-rich, alkaline digestive juices.
Concurrently, the dispersed clusters of endocrine cells throughout the...
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Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion01:27

Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion

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The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
Insulin and C-peptide are...
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The Endocrine System01:29

The Endocrine System

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The endocrine system is an extensive network of glands – organs or tissues in the body that create chemicals that control many bodily functions, that secrete hormones, which are chemical messengers that play essential roles in regulating various bodily functions. These hormones are secreted into the bloodstream and travel throughout the body. They require specific receptors to convey signals to cells possessing these corresponding receptors. This complex signaling mechanism ensures that...
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Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

3.2K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
3.2K
Insulin Secretory Vesicles01:05

Insulin Secretory Vesicles

6.4K
Insulin secretory vesicles release insulin to stimulate blood glucose uptake and regulate carbohydrate metabolism. When the blood glucose levels increase, glucose enters the pancreatic β-islet cells through glucose transporters. Once inside, glucose is metabolized through glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain, producing ATP. This increase in ATP concentration closes ATP-sensitive potassium channels, leading to depolarization of the membrane and the opening of...
6.4K
Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose01:16

Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose

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Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 16, 2026

Generation of Scaffold-free, Three-dimensional Insulin Expressing Pancreatoids from Mouse Pancreatic Progenitors In Vitro
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Generation of Scaffold-free, Three-dimensional Insulin Expressing Pancreatoids from Mouse Pancreatic Progenitors In Vitro

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[Pancreatogenic Diabetes: The Exocrine-Endocrine Axis].

Esteban Pinto K1, Zoltán Berger2

  • 1Unidad de Diabetes, Hospital Dr. Hernán Henríquez Aravena, Temuco, Chile.

Revista Medica De Chile
|September 29, 2025
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Pancreatogenic diabetes, a form of diabetes linked to exocrine pancreatic disease, requires careful management. This review highlights its distinct features, emphasizing multidisciplinary care and combined insulin and enzyme therapy.

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Surgical Injury to the Mouse Pancreas through Ligation of the Pancreatic Duct as a Model for Endocrine and Exocrine Reprogramming and Proliferation
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Surgical Injury to the Mouse Pancreas through Ligation of the Pancreatic Duct as a Model for Endocrine and Exocrine Reprogramming and Proliferation

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Isolating and Analyzing Cells of the Pancreas Mesenchyme by Flow Cytometry
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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 16, 2026

Generation of Scaffold-free, Three-dimensional Insulin Expressing Pancreatoids from Mouse Pancreatic Progenitors In Vitro
09:33

Generation of Scaffold-free, Three-dimensional Insulin Expressing Pancreatoids from Mouse Pancreatic Progenitors In Vitro

Published on: June 2, 2018

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Surgical Injury to the Mouse Pancreas through Ligation of the Pancreatic Duct as a Model for Endocrine and Exocrine Reprogramming and Proliferation
07:44

Surgical Injury to the Mouse Pancreas through Ligation of the Pancreatic Duct as a Model for Endocrine and Exocrine Reprogramming and Proliferation

Published on: August 7, 2015

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Isolating and Analyzing Cells of the Pancreas Mesenchyme by Flow Cytometry
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Isolating and Analyzing Cells of the Pancreas Mesenchyme by Flow Cytometry

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Pancreatogenic diabetes is a complex form of diabetes resulting from exocrine pancreatic dysfunction.
  • It is frequently misdiagnosed and confused with other diabetes types due to varied pathophysiological mechanisms.
  • This condition presents a unique challenge with an elevated risk of hypoglycemia, necessitating vigilant clinical observation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the physiological and pathophysiological interactions between the exocrine and endocrine pancreas.
  • To elucidate the clinical characteristics of pancreatogenic diabetes for improved diagnostic accuracy.
  • To provide guidance for effective treatment and long-term patient follow-up.

Main Methods:

  • This study employed a narrative review methodology.
  • It synthesized information from existing literature on pancreatogenic diabetes.

Main Results:

  • A multidisciplinary overview of pancreatogenic diabetes is presented, encompassing its definition, pathogenesis, and epidemiology.
  • The review integrates both endocrine and exocrine pancreatic aspects to provide a holistic understanding.
  • Management strategies are discussed, considering the unique interplay of pancreatic functions.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of pancreatogenic diabetes necessitates a multidisciplinary and individualized approach.
  • Key aspects of management include preventing and treating malnutrition.
  • Treatment should combine insulin therapy with pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy for optimal outcomes.