Chromosome-level Genome Assembly of the Tibetan Medicinal Plant Duyiwei (Phlomoides rotata)

Phlomoides rotata (Duyiwei), a threatened Tibetan medicinal plant with anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, has an understudied genome. We generated a chromosome-level assembly of its 4.12 Gb genome using Oxford Nanopore, PacBio HiFi, Illumina, and Hi-C sequencing, anchoring 22 pseudochromosomes (contig N50 = 173.16 Mb, scaffold N50 = 191.90 Mb). Annotation identified 70,881 protein-coding genes (99.3% complete via BUSCO). Comparative genomic analyses provide insights into the phylogenetic relationships of P. rotata. These data provide insights into high-altitude adaptation, bioactive compound biosynthesis, and evolutionary history, supporting conservation and drug development efforts.