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Quantum vortex lines in superfluids exhibit Crow instability, influenced by dipole interactions. Polarization direction dictates instability rates and favored vortex dynamics, impacting turbulence.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum fluid dynamics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Turbulence theory

Background:

  • Classical inviscid fluids exhibit Crow instability in antiparallel vortices.
  • Kelvin waves perturb vortices, leading to instability and decay into smaller loops.
  • Quantum superfluids possess unique vortex dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate Crow instability in quantum vortex lines.
  • Analyze the role of anisotropic dipole-dipole interactions.
  • Understand vortex reconnections and turbulence in dipolar superfluids.

Main Methods:

  • Mean-field simulations of quantum vortex lines.
  • Studied effects of dipole polarization direction.
  • Analyzed vortex curvature and Kelvin mode interactions.

Main Results:

  • Dipole polarization direction critically influences favored Kelvin modes.
  • Instability rate correlates with dipole-dipole interaction mediating vortex curvature.
  • Polarization parallel to vortices suppresses curvature; perpendicular maximizes it.
  • Binormal polarization favors higher wavenumbers but inhibits instability.

Conclusions:

  • Dipolar interactions significantly alter Crow instability dynamics in superfluids.
  • Control over polarization offers a pathway to manipulate vortex reconnections and turbulence.
  • Provides insights into quantum turbulence in dipolar systems.