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Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
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Crossover from interaction to driven regimes in quantum vortex reconnections.

Luca Galantucci1, Andrew W Baggaley2, Nick G Parker2

  • 1Joint Quantum Centre Durham-Newcastle, School of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom luca.galantucci@newcastle.ac.uk.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|June 8, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Vortex reconnections in superfluids and condensates follow two universal scaling laws. This research analyzes these distinct regimes, crucial for understanding quantum fluid dynamics and energy dissipation.

Keywords:
Bose–Einstein condensatesquantum vorticesreconnectionssuperfluid

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum fluid dynamics
  • Condensed matter physics

Background:

  • Vortex reconnections are fundamental to energy and helicity transfer in fluids.
  • Quantized vortex lines in superfluids and Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) offer a simpler model for studying reconnections.
  • Experimental advancements enable direct visualization of these events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively analyze the universal scaling laws of vortex reconnections.
  • To investigate these scaling laws across various superfluid helium and trapped condensate scenarios.
  • To differentiate between intrinsic and extrinsic factors influencing vortex reconnection dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Combined numerical simulations with existing literature data.
  • Performed a comprehensive analysis of vortex reconnection scaling.
  • Investigated scenarios relevant to superfluid helium and trapped condensates.

Main Results:

  • Identified two distinct fundamental scaling regimes for vortex reconnections.
  • Revealed a [Formula: see text] scaling driven by mutual vortex strand interaction.
  • Observed a [Formula: see text] scaling when extrinsic factors influence individual vortices.

Conclusions:

  • Vortex reconnection scaling is not monolithic but exhibits distinct behaviors based on driving mechanisms.
  • Understanding these universal laws is key to predicting energy dissipation and mixing in quantum fluids.
  • The findings provide a framework for future experimental and theoretical investigations into vortex dynamics.