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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2026

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Mapping macaque to human cortex with natural scene responses.

Kasper Vinken1, Saloni Sharma1, Margaret S Livingstone1

  • 1Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|September 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a new method to map brain regions across species using natural images. This approach aligns macaque and human brain activity, improving our understanding of higher-order cortex function.

Keywords:
face processingfunctional correspondencehumanmonkeynatural scenes

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Comparative Cognition
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Cross-species brain mapping is crucial for understanding human cognition.
  • Identifying homologous functional regions, especially in higher-order cortex, is challenging due to anatomical differences and limited hypotheses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a data-driven method for aligning functional brain regions across species using naturalistic stimuli.
  • To resolve ambiguities in cross-species functional mapping, particularly in the ventral face patch system.

Main Methods:

  • Directly compared macaque electrophysiology with human functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) responses.
  • Utilized a large dataset of 700 natural scenes as stimuli.
  • Focused on response pattern similarity for alignment, avoiding predefined tuning concepts or specific stimuli.

Main Results:

  • Identified fine-grained functional alignment between macaque and human brains based on response patterns.
  • Resolved ambiguity in the ventral face patch system, supporting ML-FFA and AL-anterior temporal cortex correspondence.
  • Findings align with full-brain anatomical warping but challenge previous studies with narrow hypotheses.

Conclusions:

  • Natural image-evoked response patterns offer a robust basis for cross-species functional alignment.
  • This approach facilitates scalable comparisons as large-scale primate recordings increase.
  • Advances understanding of homologous brain function across species, particularly in complex cortical areas.