Risk factors associated with pressure injury development among adult nursing home residents: A scoping review

Pressure injuries are prevalent in nursing homes, often with severe outcomes, yet little is known about the risk factors contributing to their development. This knowledge gap hinders effective prediction and prevention strategies. This scoping review aimed to synthesize evidence on risk factors for pressure injuries in nursing home residents, highlighting existing research and gaps. Searches across six databases identified 3412 studies, of which 12 met inclusion criteria. Most studies focused on resident-level risk factors, such as demographics, health status, and skin condition, with minimal exploration of facility-level or broader contextual factors. Key findings included: a scarcity of nursing home-specific studies, similarities to other care settings, and limited understanding of multi-level influences. The results underscore a significant knowledge gap in risk factor identification specific to nursing home residents. Future research is essential to enhance understanding and develop targeted strategies to reduce pressure injury rates and improve outcomes.