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Related Concept Videos

Structural Isomerism02:34

Structural Isomerism

21.5K
Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can...
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Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview01:26

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Electrocyclic reactions are reversible reactions. They involve an intramolecular cyclization or ring-opening of a conjugated polyene. Shown below are two examples of electrocyclic reactions. In the first reaction, the formation of the cyclic product is favored. In contrast, in the second reaction, ring-opening is favored due to the high ring strain associated with cyclobutene formation.
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Catalysis02:50

Catalysis

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The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
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Electrodeposition01:08

Electrodeposition

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Electrodeposition is a technique used to separate an analyte from interferents by electrochemical processes. Here, the analyte is a metal ion that can be deposited on an electrode immersed in the sample solution. The electrochemical setup consists of an anode and a cathode. When an electric current is applied to the setup, oxidation occurs at the anode. At the cathode, which consists of a large metal surface, metal ions undergo reduction and deposit onto the surface.
Electrodeposition can...
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Updated: Jan 16, 2026

Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles Supported on Carbon Nanotube with Doped Co and N Atoms and its Catalytic Applications in Hydrogen Production
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Cobalt-Based Electrocatalysts for Sustainable Nitrate Conversion: Structural Design and Mechanistic Advancements.

GuoLiang Chang1,2, Xueqiu Chen3, Jing-Jing Lv3

  • 1Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China.

Nano-Micro Letters
|October 1, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Cobalt electrocatalysts efficiently convert nitrate to ammonia, a sustainable process. Structural engineering of these catalysts optimizes performance and durability for the nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR).

Keywords:
Cobalt-based ElectrocatalystsCoordination environmentElectrocatalytic nitrate reduction reactionElectronic structure

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Sustainable Chemistry

Background:

  • Electrocatalytic nitrate-to-ammonia conversion presents environmental and synthesis advantages.
  • High efficiency and low-cost catalysts for nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) are critical challenges.
  • Cobalt-based electrocatalysts are promising but require structural optimization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review structural engineering strategies for cobalt-based electrocatalysts in NO3RR.
  • To establish structure-performance correlations from an atomic and coordination perspective.
  • To explore mechanisms, durability, and future directions, including machine learning.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of metallic cobalt, alloys, compounds, single-atom, and molecular catalysts.
  • Correlation of atomic-scale structural features with catalytic performance.
  • Synergy of experimental data with computational modeling for mechanistic insights.

Main Results:

  • Atomic-scale structural features and coordination environments significantly impact NO3RR performance.
  • Dynamic reconstruction of catalysts during operation affects active sites.
  • Mechanisms for suppressing hydrogen evolution, optimizing intermediate adsorption, and enhancing durability were decoded.

Conclusions:

  • Structural engineering of cobalt electrocatalysts is key to efficient NO3RR.
  • Understanding dynamic reconstruction and coordination environments is crucial for catalyst design.
  • Machine learning and reactor design offer pathways for scalable, sustainable ammonia synthesis.