Radiotherapy for Isolated Breast Myeloid Sarcoma

Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is an uncommon solid extramedullary tumor composed of malignant myeloid blasts that can be located in various tissues. It is often associated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but it can also be found in patients suffering from myeloproliferative disorders or myelodysplastic syndrome. Despite the lack of consensus on the best treatment for MS, this tumor is acknowledged to be radiosensitive. We report the case of a 33-year-old female diagnosed with MS involving the breast treated with salvage radiation, after having initially undergone systemic chemotherapy and an allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant. The purpose of this report is to discuss the significant impact of local radiotherapy in patients suffering from this unique condition.