MicroRNA biomarkers in psoriasis

Area of Science:

• Immunodermatology
• Molecular Biology
• Biomarker Discovery

Background:

• Psoriasis is a T-helper cell-driven chronic inflammatory autoimmune skin condition with significant global socioeconomic impact.
• Current understanding of psoriasis etiology and pathophysiology is incomplete, and treatment recurrence is frequent despite advanced biologics.
• Identifying reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis, and predicting therapeutic response in psoriasis remains a critical unmet need.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and consolidate evidence on the diagnostic and prognostic potential of microRNAs (miRNAs) in psoriasis.
• To explore the role of specific miRNAs in psoriasis pathogenesis, disease severity, treatment response, and comorbidities.
• To highlight the potential of miRNA profiling integrated with omics technologies and machine learning for personalized psoriasis management.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of studies investigating microRNAs in psoriasis.
• Analysis of specific miRNA roles (e.g., miR-21, miR-31, miR-146a) in psoriasis pathogenesis and clinical associations.
• Exploration of integrating miRNA profiling with omics technologies and machine learning for predictive algorithm development.

Main Results:

• MicroRNAs are implicated in key psoriasis pathways including immune regulation, keratinocyte proliferation, and apoptosis.
• Specific miRNAs (miR-21, miR-31, miR-99a, miR-146a, miR-125b, miR-203, miR-138, miR-155) are associated with psoriasis pathogenesis, severity, and treatment response.
• Integration of miRNA profiling with omics and machine learning offers a framework for predictive biomarker development.

Conclusions:

• MicroRNAs hold significant potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for psoriasis.
• miRNA signatures can guide personalized treatment strategies and monitor therapeutic efficacy in psoriasis management.
• Further research on standardized miRNA assays and mechanistic roles is crucial for clinical translation.