A Novel Tartaric Acid/Sodium Tartrate Buffer System for Xylo-Oligosaccharide Production from Moso Bamboo

This study introduces a novel and recyclable tartaric acid/sodium tartrate (TA/ST) buffer system to address challenges in xylo-oligosaccharide (XOS) production from bamboo biomass: minimizing xylose byproducts and enabling TA reuse. Under optimized conditions (60 mM TA/ST, molar ratio 8.0, 170 °C, 30 min), the TA/ST system achieved 50.0% XOS yield, surpassing TA-only hydrolysis by enhancing XOS production 43.6% and reducing xylose production by 8.5%. Additionally, 78.6% tartaric acid was recovered via bipolar membrane electrodialysis. Finally, a high glucose yield of 97.7% was obtained from the delignified bamboo residue by cellulase hydrolysis. This approach provides an efficient, sustainable pathway for XOS production, advancing eco-friendly biorefinery practices.