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High-throughput glycosylation screening method for biologics development using MALDI-TOF-MS.

Weilong Zhang1, Liqi Xie2, Huijuan Zhao1

  • 1NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Communications Chemistry
|October 2, 2025
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Summary

This study presents a rapid, high-throughput glycosylation analysis method for therapeutic proteins using MALDI-TOF-MS and an internal standard. The optimized method ensures precise quality control for biologics, enhancing biopharmaceutical development.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Glycosylation is crucial for therapeutic protein function and efficacy.
  • Existing analytical methods for glycosylation analysis lack the speed and throughput required for modern biopharmaceutical quality control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an optimized, rapid, and high-throughput method for glycosylation analysis of therapeutic proteins.
  • To provide a robust solution for quality control in biopharmaceutical manufacturing.

Main Methods:

  • Combined Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) with a full glycome internal-standard approach.
  • Developed a 96-well-plate compatible method allowing analysis of at least 192 samples per experiment.
  • Validated the method on therapeutic proteins like trastuzumab and fusion proteins (EPO).

Main Results:

  • Achieved high precision (CV ~10%) and broad linearity (R² > 0.99) for trastuzumab analysis.
  • Demonstrated excellent linearity, repeatability, and stability in the qualification study.
  • Successfully analyzed complex glycan structures on fusion proteins with multiple glycosylation sites.

Conclusions:

  • The optimized method offers a highly promising solution for rapid, high-throughput glycosylation analysis in biopharmaceutical quality control.
  • The method is suitable for various applications, including clone selection, batch-to-batch consistency, and biosimilar assessments.
  • This approach significantly benefits the characterization of N-glycans in glycosylated biologics.