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Related Concept Videos

Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex01:23

Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex

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The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at...
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Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex01:14

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The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex....
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Schemas01:42

Schemas

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A schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.
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Schemata01:17

Schemata

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A schema is a mental construct that organizes related concepts, allowing the brain to process information efficiently. Upon activation, schemata facilitate assumptions about people or objects.
Two types of schemata are:
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Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

Association Areas of the Cortex

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Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
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Subconsciousness and No Awareness01:15

Subconsciousness and No Awareness

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The concept of subconscious awareness refers to the processing of information below the level of conscious thought, which significantly influences both behaviors and decisions. It is also known as waking subconscious awareness. This complex level of cognition operates without the direct awareness of the individual, facilitating rapid and simultaneous handling of multiple information streams.
An illustrative example of subconscious processing is its role in problem-solving. Often, individuals...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 16, 2026

Translational Brain Mapping at the University of Rochester Medical Center: Preserving the Mind Through Personalized Brain Mapping
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Cortex-Wide Substrates for Body Schema and Action Awareness.

Kyle S Severson1, Jinghao Lu1, Wenxi Xiao1

  • 1Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.

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Researchers discovered how the brain

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Motor Control

Background:

  • The body schema is the brain's internal representation of body posture in space.
  • Understanding how the cortex encodes body postures for natural behavior is challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural representation of the body schema in the cortex.
  • To understand how the brain encodes diverse body postures for action.

Main Methods:

  • Combined large-scale electrophysiological recordings with full-body 3D tracking in mice.
  • Analyzed neural activity and joint angles during natural behaviors.

Main Results:

  • Cortical neurons encode postural features in different reference frames (midline vs. gravity).
  • Distinct cortical ensembles activate for specific actions, firing in sequential patterns.
  • Network models reveal low-dimensional action subspaces in population activity.

Conclusions:

  • The cortex organizes the body schema around actions.
  • Neural coding compresses complex kinematics into an efficient, action-aware representation.
  • Findings provide insights into the neural basis of action awareness.