Percutaneous Ablation of Thyroid Cancer

Percutaneous ablation of benign thyroid nodules has become a widely accepted alternative to surgery. There has also been increasing use of percutaneous ablation in thyroid cancer. However, there are important differences between ablating benign and malignant nodules. Proper patient selection is critical for achieving good outcomes. While the field is rapidly evolving, there are fundamental principles that must be understood. The purpose of this review is to overview thyroid cancer biology, describe safe and effective techniques for treating thyroid cancers, and discuss which patients would benefit most from percutaneous ablation treatment. Keywords: Head/Neck, Percutaneous, Thyroid, Ablation Techniques, Thyroid Cancer, Radiofrequency Ablation, Microwave Ablation, Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma, Thyroid Nodules © RSNA, 2025.