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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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When a person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social development or spiritual functioning is compromised, this deviation from a healthy normal state is called illness. Illness creates stress that in turn harms individuals. Irritation, anger, denial, hopelessness, and fear are behavioral and emotional changes an individual experiences in the phases of illness. A variety of factors influence a person's health and well-being.
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In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 16, 2026

Author Spotlight: Assessing Surgical Frailty with Point-of-Care Ultrasound of Quadriceps Muscles
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Frailty assessment utilization around the globe-a systematic review.

Samantha Gaston1, Elle Billman2, Lichy Han3

  • 1Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Dept Of Anesthesia H3580, Stanford, California 94305-2200.

The Journal of Frailty & Aging
|October 3, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Frailty assessments (FAs) primarily focus on physical and functional health, neglecting cognitive, mental, and social domains. This review highlights the need for more comprehensive frailty assessment tools to capture its multidimensional nature.

Keywords:
Frailty assessmentFrailty indexFrailty instrumentsGeriatric participantsSystematic review

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Expert guidelines advocate for frailty assessments (FAs) covering physical, functional, cognitive, social, and mental health domains.
  • This systematic review analyzes global FAs for geriatric populations (65+) from 2015-2022.
  • The study aims to characterize the parameters currently used in frailty assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and characterize the parameters used in global frailty assessments (FAs) for older adults.
  • To identify the domains most frequently assessed in current frailty instruments.
  • To evaluate the alignment of existing FAs with multidimensional frailty definitions.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
  • Screened 3,859 articles, including 202 for final analysis.
  • Coded 4,995 FA parameters into 45 health-related categories across 291 identified FAs from 39 countries.

Main Results:

  • Frailty assessments (FAs) averaged 17.36 parameters per instrument.
  • Physical and functional health comprised 22.32% of all assessed parameters.
  • Cognitive, mental, and social health domains were underrepresented, accounting for only 6.09%, 6.35%, and 5.01% of parameters, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • Current frailty assessments (FAs) heavily emphasize physical and functional aspects.
  • There is a significant gap in addressing cognitive, mental, and social health domains in FAs.
  • Refinement of FAs is crucial to ensure holistic and multidimensional assessment of frailty in diverse clinical settings.