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Identifying Drivers of Nonconsensual Intimate Image Sharing: A Mixed-Methods Synthesis of Perpetrator Research
Stine Nygård1, Maren Kristin Nysæter1, Ligia Ribeiro Ferreira2
1University of Oslo, Norway.
Trauma, Violence & Abuse
|October 4, 2025
Summary
Nonconsensual sharing of intimate images (NCSII) often stems from homosocial bonding within contexts of masculinity and sexism. Understanding perpetrator motives and social dynamics is key for effective, gender-sensitive prevention strategies.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Sociology
- Criminology
Background:
- Nonconsensual sharing of intimate images (NCSII) has severe consequences, yet perpetrator-focused interventions lack empirical grounding.
- Existing research on the psychosocial mechanisms of NCSII is fragmented, hindering effective prevention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize extant research on the psychosocial mechanisms of NCSII.
- To identify perpetrator motives, characteristics, and the social dynamics of NCSII incidents.
Main Methods:
- A mixed-methods research synthesis was conducted.
- Systematic searches across six databases identified 10,324 unique records, with 68 peer-reviewed articles selected.
- Quantitative (n=55) and qualitative (n=13) findings were synthesized separately and integrated.
Main Results:
- NCSII primarily occurs as homosocial bonding.
- Perpetrators often have more experience with intimate sharing and act within contexts of hegemonic masculinity, sexual objectification, and sexism.
- While gender isn't a reliable predictor, social dynamics of NCSII differ between males and females.
Conclusions:
- NCSII is embedded in social dynamics influenced by masculinity and sexism.
- Gender-sensitive approaches are crucial for NCSII research and prevention.
- Further research should explore these gendered social dynamics to inform targeted interventions.
Keywords:
mixed-methods research synthesisnon-consensual sharing of intimate imagesperpetrator characteristicsperpetrator motivessocial dynamicsMore Related Videos
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