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Updated: Jan 16, 2026
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Evaluating Postural Control and Lower-extremity Muscle Activation in Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability
Published on: September 18, 2020
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Simplified Tai Chi exercises to improve function in people with chronic ankle instability
Qian Qian1, Hengshuo Zhang2, Zongchen Hou1
1National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK.
Summary
This study identified 12 Tai Chi forms that significantly activate ankle muscles, creating a 16-form routine to potentially improve chronic ankle instability. Further trials are needed to confirm effectiveness.
Area of Science:
- Sports Biomechanics
- Exercise Physiology
- Rehabilitation Science
Background:
- Chronic ankle instability (CAI) affects many individuals, often leading to recurrent injuries.
- Tai Chi is a traditional exercise known for its balance and coordination benefits.
- Targeted muscle strengthening is crucial for improving ankle stability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify specific Tai Chi forms with high muscle activation in key ankle stabilizing muscles.
- To develop a Tai Chi routine for individuals with CAI.
- To investigate the potential of Tai Chi in enhancing ankle stability.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study design.
- Electromyography (EMG) and motion capture (Vicon) used to measure muscle activation and kinematics.
- Analysis of 12 Tai Chi forms performed by experienced instructors.
Main Results:
- Identified 12 Tai Chi forms demonstrating significant muscle activation in peroneus longus, peroneus brevis, and tibialis anterior.
- Achieved muscle activation levels exceeding 55% (peroneus longus/brevis) and 30% (tibialis anterior) of maximum voluntary isometric contraction.
- Developed a 16-form Tai Chi routine incorporating transition stages, showing no significant side differences.
Conclusions:
- The 16-form Tai Chi routine shows potential for enhancing ankle stability by targeting muscles that counteract ankle inversion.
- This Tai Chi approach may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for individuals with CAI.
- Randomized controlled trials are recommended to validate the efficacy of this Tai Chi routine in managing CAI.
