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Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
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Manipulating Phases in Many-Body Interacting Systems with Subsystem Resetting.

Anish Acharya1, Rupak Majumder1, Shamik Gupta1

  • 1Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Department of Theoretical Physics, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India.

Physical Review Letters
|October 5, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Subsystem resetting offers a novel method to stabilize unstable phases in complex systems by occasionally resetting only a part of the system. This approach provides robust control over system dynamics and phase diagrams across diverse scenarios.

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Area of Science:

  • Complex systems
  • Statistical physics
  • Nonlinear dynamics

Background:

  • Stabilizing thermodynamically unstable phases is crucial in many-body systems, like in Parkinson's disease and magnetic materials.
  • Traditional methods require intervening in all system constituents or adding interactions, which is often impractical.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and explore subsystem resetting as a novel strategy for stabilizing unstable phases.
  • To demonstrate the effectiveness and universality of subsystem resetting across various system types.

Main Methods:

  • Intervention in the dynamics of a subsystem through occasional state resetting.
  • Analysis of phase diagrams and system behavior under subsystem resetting.
  • Analytical predictions validated by numerical simulations.

Main Results:

  • Subsystem resetting provides robust control over the phase diagram of the bare dynamics.
  • The method is effective across equilibrium and nonequilibrium systems, including mean-field and non-mean-field dynamics.
  • Explicit analytical predictions were derived and confirmed by simulations, despite memory effects.

Conclusions:

  • Subsystem resetting is a powerful and versatile technique for controlling complex systems.
  • This approach offers a new paradigm for stabilizing unstable phases, with broad applicability.
  • The study highlights the potential of targeted, intermittent interventions in complex systems.