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Chancroid.

David A Lewis1

  • 1Western Sydney Sexual Health Centre, Western Sydney Local Health District, Parramatta, New South Wales, Australia; Sydney Medical School-Westmead, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.

Clinics in Dermatology
|October 5, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chancroid, a sexually transmitted infection caused by Haemophilus ducreyi, is re-emerging as a cause of skin ulcers. Diagnosis and treatment require updated antimicrobial susceptibility data and careful management, especially in HIV-1 patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Chancroid, a genital ulcerative condition caused by Haemophilus ducreyi, has seen a decline in prevalence in some areas.
  • Diagnostic tools for Haemophilus ducreyi are limited globally, hindering clinical management and surveillance.
  • Recent data suggests a resurgence of H. ducreyi as a cause of chronic skin ulcers in the Western Pacific.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the re-emergence of Haemophilus ducreyi.
  • To underscore the need for updated diagnostic and antimicrobial susceptibility data for chancroid.
  • To inform clinical management strategies for H. ducreyi infections.

Main Methods:

  • Review of surveillance findings and recent yaws surveys.
  • Analysis of historical antimicrobial susceptibility data.
  • Clinical case observations regarding treatment outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Haemophilus ducreyi is re-emerging as a cause of chronic skin ulceration in the Western Pacific.
  • There is a lack of current antimicrobial susceptibility studies for H. ducreyi, with the last data being three decades old.
  • Treatment failure has been reported in HIV-1 infected patients with single-dose regimens.

Conclusions:

  • Chancroid diagnosis and management require updated laboratory diagnostics and antimicrobial susceptibility information.
  • Effective treatment is assumed possible with certain antibiotics, but careful follow-up is crucial, particularly for HIV-1 positive individuals.
  • Management of buboes may necessitate surgical intervention in addition to antibiotic therapy.